FOBT Meaning: What Is a Fixed Odds Betting Terminal?
Curious about those brightly lit machines in betting shops? Fixed Odds Betting Terminals, or FOBTs, are a common feature across the UK and have been the focus of debate, especially after rule changes in recent years.
This guide explains what FOBTs are, how they work, the types of games you might see, and the rules that apply. It is designed to be clear and practical, so you can understand the essentials without the jargon.
Whether you’re brushing up on the basics or keeping up with regulations, you’ll find straightforward answers here.
What Are Fixed Odds Betting Terminals?
A Fixed Odds Betting Terminal, often shortened to FOBT, is an electronic machine found in many betting shops across the UK. It offers games with set odds for each possible outcome, which is why they are called fixed odds.
The most common titles are casino-style games such as slots and virtual versions of roulette or sometimes blackjack. Some machines may also include simulated racing or instant win games. You simply place a stake, choose a game, and the result appears almost straight away.
Behind the scenes, outcomes are produced by a Random Number Generator (RNG). This means each spin or round is independent and cannot be predicted or altered.
Games vary between machines, so it can be worth checking the game library, paytable and rules on screen to see how each one works.
What Games Can You Play On An FOBT?
FOBTs host a range of digital games, each with its own pace, features, and potential payouts. Results are produced by the same RNG mentioned earlier, so every round stands on its own.
Some common games you might find on an FOBT include:
- Slots: Digital fruit-machine style games where matching a number of symbols can trigger prizes and features.
- Roulette:Â A virtual wheel and table where bets cover numbers, colours, or groups.
- Blackjack: A card game where the aim is to try and finish with a total closer to 21 than the dealer’s.
- Virtual horse or dog racing: Simulated races with displayed odds and on-screen results.
- Bingo or instant win games: Quick draws with simple rules and set prize tables.
Each title has a paytable and game rules that outline how bets work and what they may return. There is no single best option for everyone, as preferences differ.
How Are FOBT Stakes And Payouts Set?
A stake is the amount put on a single spin or round. In the UK, the maximum stake on FOBTs is £2 per bet, a legal limit that applies across betting shops.
Machines display the paytable for each title, showing what different outcomes can pay. They also show the theoretical Return to Player rate, or RTP. The RTP is an average measured over a long period. For example, an RTP of 94% means that, in theory, £94 may be paid back for every £100 wagered across many bets. The difference between 100% and the RTP is the house edge, which represents the operator’s margin.
Individual results can be very different from the theoretical figures shown and winning can never be guaranteed.
Why Were FOBT Betting Limits Reduced?
Before 2019, FOBTs allowed stakes of up to £100 per spin or game. Concerns grew that high-speed, high-stake betting made it possible to lose large sums in a short time.
Following consultation, the government reduced the maximum stake to £2 per bet in April 2019. The intention was to try and limit rapid losses and strengthen consumer protection in betting shops.
The change came after input from regulators, health professionals, and campaigners who highlighted the risks associated with very high stakes. Lower limits now apply to all FOBT games in the UK and are part of the broader framework designed to reduce harm.
How To Use An FOBT Safely
Using an FOBT with a clear plan can help keep it within your comfort zone. Many people find it useful to decide on a total budget for a session and to keep an eye on the time spent playing. Built-in tools such as reality checks and session reminders can support this by prompting regular pauses.
As outlined earlier, each game displays its rules, paytable, and RTP. Reading this information shows how the game works and what different outcomes can pay. It also makes it easier to select titles that match your preferred pace.
It can be helpful to recognise when play no longer feels enjoyable. Stepping away, taking a break, or choosing not to continue are all valid decisions. If stopping feels difficult, confidential support is available in the UK and can be accessed without charge.
*All values (Bet Levels, Maximum Wins etc.) mentioned in relation to these games are subject to change at any time. Game features mentioned may not be available in some jurisdictions.
**The information provided in this blog is intended for educational purposes and should not be construed as betting advice or a guarantee of success. Always gamble responsibly.
